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PC-SIG: Essential Home & Business
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PC-SIG - Essential Home and Business Collection.iso
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[G ] [GRAPH] Command
With the exception of the Pie and 3-D Block graphs, all of the
following graph types may be displayed as single, multiple or intermixed
graphs. Up to 4 separate graphs can be displayed on the one screen in low
resolution, and 9 in high resolution. (Use the Alter Frame commands.)
In the interests of clarity, generally no more than four sets of data should
be displayed on any one graph. (Max. is 10)
Pan and Zoom commands can be used on the data for all graph types. (The Pie
chart submenu requests number of segments in place of using the Zoom command.)
Remember, before a graph can be drawn, the data must in memory 0. Data is
loaded into memory 0 from a diskfile [FLx], loaded from another
memory [MLn], or created with the file create command [FCDx].
Subcommands:
Area [GA]
An area graph (also known as a stratum or surface graph) is essentially
a line graph with the lower area shaded or filled with a solid colour.
(See also Line Arealine [GLA] for multiple stratum graphs.)
Bar [GBn] (Horizontal bars)
The Bar command displays horizontal bars with the label of each bar
located at the end of the bar. Up to two more data files may be loaded
into memory 0 and overlayed as horizontal stacked bars.
You will need to ensure that the first bars drawn contain the highest
data values. (Possibly use the file addition command: SAFx)
If the frame size is altered, the scale is automatically adjusted to
ensure that the bars are within the frame.
Column [GCxn] (Vertical bars) (x=S,B,H or a number, n= pattern number)
A column graph (also known as a vertical bar graph) is
one of the most commonly used business graphs. To select a particular
column type, set the pattern number in the range 0 - 4.
By repeating the GCn command, the pattern number automatically increments
by one. i.e. just press <RTN> for the next pattern.
As for the horizontal bar graph, up to two more bars from other data
files (loaded into memory 0) may be overlayed on the original. You will
need to ensure that the first columns displayed contain the highest
data values. Alternatively, use the Stacked Column option.
Clustered columns (where n can be 2 to 8):
This variation of the Column graph allows data to be displayed as groups
of columns. Up to 8 columns from 8 separate data files may be displayed
side-by-side as a group. For the sake of clarity generally no more
than four columns should be clustered.
In the interests of presentation you have a choice of column positioning.
Following the GCn command, select one of: "Adjacent, sHaded, Overlapped
or Spaced Cols:" The default is Spaced. (Just press <RTN>)
Example: FL WAGES<RTN> (File Load WAGES into Mem 0 and 1)
GC2 (Graph first of 2 clustered Columns)
<RTN> (Selects the default "Spaced")
<RTN> (Selects next pattern number)
(First columns are displayed)
FL PARTS<RTN> (File Load PARTS into Mem 0 and 1)
GC2 (Graph second of 2 clustered Columns)
<RTN> (Initiates second column graph)
<RTN> (Selects next pattern number)
(Second columns are displayed to the right of the first columns.)
Stacked columns: [GCSn]
If Stacked columns is selected, all subsequent column
graphs will be stacked onto previous columns. The Y scale is initially
multiplied by 1.7 . For more than two stacked columns, you may need to
increase the Y scale further using the Alter Y Scale command [ASY].
If the data file contains data-point labels, these will be automatically
displayed on line 23, centered under each column.
Block chart: (3-D Column chart)
4 to 12 data values from four data files can be displayed. The data must
be first loaded into memories 1 to 4 from memory 0. If loading from disk,
use Memory Transfer [MT] from 0 to 2,3 or 4. The first row of blocks
uses memory 1 data; the last uses memory 4 data. If the memory has more
than 12 data points, the first 12 are used. Pan and Zoom can be used on
memory 0 before transferring to other memories. You may select the numb-
er of rows to graph (1 to 4).
e.g. To display one row of blocks:
FLADMIN<RTN> (File Load ADMIN into memories 0 and 1)
GCB1 (Graph Column Block 1 row)
e.g. To display three rows of blocks:
FLPARTS<RTN> (File Load PARTS into memories 0 and 1)
MT3 (Memory Transfer 0 to 3)
FLWAGES<RTN> (File Load WAGES into memories 0 and 1)
MT2 (Memory Transfer 0 to 2)
FLSALES<RTN> (File Load SALES into memories 0 and 1)
GCB3 (Clears screen and displays a 3-D block chart.
All values are scaled.)
Histogram [GCHn]
Data may be organised in up to 9 groups. The range labels are generated
automatically and a column graph displayed. The new data is in mem. 0.
Dot [GDn] (Where n is the dot symbol 0-9)
The Dot graph (also known as a point graph) displays a
single symbol at each Y-value location. The symbols include a +, x,
square and circles of increasing size. The symbols are chosen by
selecting the pattern number (0-9).
A Dot graph and a Line graph may be combined.
For example: GLL followed by GDn
Dot patterns may also be combined by repeating [GD]. e.g.GD1 then GD5
Frame [GFx] (x = Box, L or None]
This selects the frame type. The default is a box [B].
L selects Left/bottom line only, and N selects none.
Following the selection of L or N, the screen should be cleared
[MB] to display the new frame.
The size and location of the frame can be changed with the Alter
Frame commands.
Grid [GG]
This toggles the grid lines ON or OFF.
High/low [GH]
The High/low graph fills in the area between two sets of data with
vertical lines joining the Y values.
As two data files are involved, the second data file must be loaded
into memory 0 before completing the High/low graph.
Example: FLHIGH<RTN> Load file of high values.
GHP Graph High/low with Point-join.
LOW<RTN> Enter filename of low values. The point-join
graph will be completed automatically.
(Note: Always select the data file containing the
highest data values first.)
Line [GLx] (Where x = A, B, L, M, X or Y)
There are a number of line graph types available. Essentially each
data point is joined to the previous point with a straight line.
Line selection: Arealine Baseline Line Mean Xline Yline
Arealine: [GLA]
Essentially a line chart with vertical lines at each end.
This allows the use of solid fill using the DRAW program and the
Paint command.
Baseline: [GLBn]
This command will request the entry of a date (MM/YY) or X-value.
The Y-value at this point is used to fill every data
point in memory 0. To display a baseline, enter the GLL command.
Baseline is normally used to set a base data level for addition to
another data file using the Stats. Arithmetic command [SAFn].
Line: [GLL]
A line is drawn, joining each of the data points.
This is the default line graph. (Just enter G<RTN>). If a Dot graph
was the last displayed and memory 0 data has not changed, then the
line will join the dots. Multiple lines can be distinguished by
combining with different dot patterns. GLL then GDn for each line.
Mean: [GLM]
The mean of the data points is displayed as a horizontal
dotted line. The data in memory 0 or 1 is not altered.
Xline: [GLXn]
Xline is used to highlight a particular value on a dot, line or step
graph by drawing a vertical line beween the base line and the Y
value. To locate the required X position, enter the date (MM/YY) in
a time-series graph, or the X value. Example: GLX 6/85<RTN>
(Same as DX command)
Yline: [GLYn]
Yline is used to draw a horizontal line across the currently
displayed graph at any selected Y value on the Y scale.
Example: GLY 500<RTN> (Same as DY command)
Pie or PieBar [GP]
Entering the GP command transfers to the PIE program and a request is
made for chart type: Bar or [P]ie
Then select the source of data: Keyboard or [M]emory 0.
Also enter the number of data points: [6 is the default], and
Pie: Explode segment # : [none is the default].
Bar: Enter position of bar: [L]eft or Right.
Up to 15 segments can be displayed. (If outputting to a plotter, each
segment will be a different pattern and/or colour.)
Each segment may be labelled with its value, percentage or both.
Descriptive labels may be up to 38 characters long.
Plotter output:
Segment fill can be patterns (default), solid colour or none. Enter Cnn
for Colour or Nnn for no fill. (nn=number of segments).
If entering keyboard data, type: K = patterns, C = colour, N = none.
To include a Pie chart in a macro use: GP{Bar or Pie}{No segments}
{Explode segment No}{Left or Right}{P,V,B, or N}
e.g.s GPP;14;;10;0V GPB90RP (Use 0 if parameter not applicable.)
Step [GS]
The step chart is a little like the top line of a column chart.
Each Y value is displayed as a horizontal line. Each value is joined
to the next with a line midway between the two X values.
(Step is valid only for Time-series and Series data).
sTick [GT]
The sTick chart is like a narrow column chart. A vertical line is
displayed between the zero line and each Y-value. Often combined
with a line chart. The stick width can be 1, 3, 5, or 7 pixels wide.
If 0 is selected, the stick becomes a tick mark along the X axis.
X label [GX]
Toggles ON-OFF the display of X-axis labels when a graph is displayed.
Y label [GY]
Toggles ON-OFF the display of Y-axis labels when a graph is displayed.
The status line indicates whether the X and Y axis labels are ON or OFF.
March 07, 1987